TABLE OF CONTENTS
2.0 INTRODUCTION
3.0 PROJECT
SETTING AND MINERAL TITLE
4.0 HISTORY
AND FIELD PROCEDURES
5.0 GEOLOGY
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Alteration
and Chemical Analysis
5.3 Geology
and Prospecting Results
6.1 Quarry
Development
6.2 Crushing
Plant
6.3 Conveyor
System
6.4 Stockpile
6.5 Barge
Facilities
6.6 Reclamation
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS
7.1 Exsiting
Conditions
7.2 Environmental
Impacts and Planned Mitigation
7.3 Additional
Environmental Assessment Planned
7.4 Reclamation
8.0 SOCIAL
AND ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS
9.0 CONCLUSIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS
9.1 Cost of Future Work
10.0 REFERENCES
11.0 APPENDICES
11.1 Statement
of Qualifications
11.2 Statement
of Costs on the Monteith Bay Pyrophyllite Project
11.3 List
of Personnel on the Monteith Bay Pyrophyllite Project
11.4 List
of Sample Descriptions and Results
11.5 Abrasion
Test Results
11.6 Brightness
Test Results
2.0 INTRODUCTION
New
Global Resources Ltd. is a registered British Columbia company, engaged in the
supply of raw materials to the Portland cement manufacturing industry for sales
and delivery in British Columbia and the Western United States. New Global Resources Ltd. is entirely owned
by lifelong BC residents. Since 1986,
the company has focused on the search for and development of base and precious
metal and industrial mineral properties throughout British Columbia and
Yukon. Pyrophyllite product from the
Monteith Bay Quarry mayin part be for the modern "dry" process cement
business, of which the best example in the Pacific Northwest is the cement
plant at Tilbury in Delta operated by CBR.
This assessment document describes geological and prospecting work by
New Global Resources Ltd. to develop the Monteith Bay Pyrophyllite Project as a
quarry and to supply pyrophyllite to the
ceramics, filler and cement industries.
Preliminary
exploration on the pyrophyllite deposits has resulted in the definition of a
suitable source needed for the cement plant requirements and this source is
located around the Easy Three and Easy Eight mineral claims at Monteith Bay,
Kyuquot Sound. This report is also
intended to initiate a dialogue with the regulatory agencies to establish the
terms of reference for mine development approval and related permits.
Portland
cement manufacturing is a process of bringing together materials rich in lime
(Ca), silica (Si), alumina (Al), iron (Fe), and gypsum (CaSo4). These raw materials; limestone (CaO3), shale
and sand (silica), shale (alumina) and iron ore or industry mill scale (iron),
are ground to extreme fineness for intimate mixing to meet precise
chemistry. The pyrophyllite could
replace both the current source of silica and alumina. The powder produced by grinding is then
heated or "burned" in a rotary kiln to a temperature of 3,000
degrees, liquifying part of the powder and binding it together in what is
called "clinker". Clinker
consists of new components called hydraulic compounds. Hydraulic compounds enter into solution when
water is added, forming a gel that binds to other minerals when set. The burned material clinker and added gypsum
is then ground to extreme fineness. The
resulting Portland cement becomes the "glue" to bond sand and
aggregates together to form concrete.
Silica
and alumina, the relatively minor constituents of Portland cement could be
supplied form the Monteith Bay Pyrophyllite property. The entire claim holdings cover about 60 hectares and are owned
100% by New Global Resources Ltd. The
company is committed to develop the deposit in a manner that does not cause
significant environmental impact during operation or after mine closure.
The
international market for pyrophyllite is small ($US 130 million) compared with
other mineral commodities. As a medium
value ($55/tonne) industrial mineral commodity, freight distances are limited
and markets have regionalized and developed where mines and consumers are
within three to four thousand kilometers.
Pyrophyllite
is consumed in numerous markets and industry sectors where the major ectors are
ceramics, refractories and insecticides.
Since the latter two industry uses are declining and ceramics and other
sectors are growing i.e., mineral fillers, cement and other miscellaneous uses,
it is recommended that marketing efforts be focused on these as of increasing
demand.
Industrial
consumption in the short term is declining to relatively flat, as a result of
the current recession. This is
indicated by the following USBM figures:
World
Pyrophyllite Production ('000 tonnes)
|
|
|
1987 |
1988 |
1989 |
1990 |
1991 |
|
|
|
|
2,190 |
2,333 |
2.440 |
2,228 |
2,168 |
|
(These
figures are approximate since some pyrophyllite production is reported under
talc.)
There is
a general consensus that a modest level of pyrophyllite growth will take place
as a result of the anticipated future expansion in the world economy.
While
known internationally, Pyrophyllite is supplied and consumed in a few key
regional markets in Asia (87.0%), North America (6.6%), and South America
(5.8%). This "regionalized nature"
is a function of:
1) The
relatively low price of this commodity compared to high freight cost.
2) The
need for deposits to be located near shipping facilities and/or
manufacturers
in order to develop a viable market share and
3) The
global availability of many substitute products. For example,
pyrophyllite,
talc, steatite and soapstone all have common physical
characteristics
(layered structure, softness, whitish colour, soapy feel and pearly
lustre) which in turn gives them common end uses.
In
addition, unlike elemental metals each
pyrophyllite deposit generally develops it own spectrum of products. One deposit may produce multiple products
for multiple end uses which are totally exclusive from those products derived
from a second pyrophyllite deposit.
Generally there is not a clear definition of what pyrophyllite product. Producers are more inclined to think of
themselves in terms of the markets they supply (eg., refractory or ceramic raw
material supplier) rather than calling themselves pyrophyllite producers.
Also, a
high grade deposit of pyrophyllite is relatively rare compared with talc which
is more commonly found. Even where high
grade pyrophyllite exists, it rarely attains its theoretical composition (38.3%
A1203, 66.7% SiO2, 5% H2O) but
contains impurities such as, sericite, quartz, pyrite, chlorite, feldspar,
haematite and magnetite.
Just as
complex as the variable nature of pyrophyllite's chemistry is the number of
products and markets of this commodity.
The headers which follow list the key pyrophyllite market sectors. Under each header are descriptions about
each market sector which also include a list of the component markets within
that sector.
1) CERAMICS
- Used in the manufacture of floor and
wall tile, sanitary ware, crockery and
electrical porcelain. In the USA more than 80% is used in the
manufacture of
ceramic floor and wall tile. The major portion of the remaining 20% is
used in
electrical porcelain, whiteware and
masonry.
- Pyrophyllite lowers the firing
temperature, suppresses the deformation and
cracking, increases whiteness,
lowers firing shrinkage and improves thermal
shock resistance.
2) REFRACTORIES
- Used in the manufacture of
insulating firebrick, stiff plastic refractory
compositions, castables, gunning
mixes, kiln car refractories, kiln furniture
and refractory mortors.
- Pyrophyllite gives permanent
expansion on firing temperature, excellent
thermal stability, minimal
deformation under load at high temperatures, low
bulk density, low thermal
conductivity and good resistance to corrosion by
molten metals and basic slags.
3) INSECTICIDES
- Used as a carrier for insecticides.
- Consumption has greatly decreased
due to the banning of DDT.
- Chemical composition is not
critical. The presence of sericite is
preferred
to more abrasive quartz and the
occurrence of platy pyrophyllite is preferred to
more massive varieties.
4) MINERAL FILLERS
- Used when finely ground and quartz
free as a substitute for talc in certain filler
applications including paint,
plastics, rubber, cosmetics and jointing
compounds.
- Paint is currently the largest
filler market for pyrophyllite.
5) CEMENT
- Used in the manufacture of white
cement.
- Pyrophyllite with low iron content
assists in maintaining high whiteness
levels.
6) OTHER
- Other uses of pyrophyllite include
roofing material, stucco products, paper
coatings, fiberglass, road markings,
high pressure seals in synthetic diamond
manufacture, wallboard, floor
coverings, asphalt filler, anti-skid aggregates,
auto body patch and more.
The
following table indicates the relative size of these market sectors in the two
largest markets namely, the USA and Japan and shows the percent
increase/decrease of each market sector in Japan over a three year period.
Key
Market 1986 1986 1984 1987 1987 % Change
Sector USA USA Japan Japan Japan Japan
('000 T.)
(%) ('000 T.)
('000 T.) (%) '84
-'87
CERAMICS 64 54 275 242 29 -12
REFRACTORIES 20 17 357 244 29 -32
INSECTICIDES 13 11 145 140 17 - 3
MINERAL
FILLER6 5
CEMENT 60 91 11 52
OTHER 15 13 110 127 15
15
==== ==== ==== ==== ==== ====
TOTAL 118 100 947 844 100
-11
In both
countries, ceramic, refractory and insecticide uses dominate consumption (over
75%). There is a decreasing trend in
the consumption of refractories and insecticides (300,000 and 85,000 tonnes of
refractories and insecticides respectively, were consumed by Japan in 1992) and
an increasing trend in the consumption of cement and products in the other
miscellaneous sectors. The two
decreasing sectors have dropped in demand due to requirements for high steel
quality and the reduction of insecticide carriers with the banning of DDT and
other insecticides.
Considering
the future outlook, industry experts feel that there will be a further decline
in refractories and insecticides and that expansion will occur in the ceramic,
cement and other sectors. Increase
consumption of pyrophyllite will be related to increases in economic activity
and the building industry, the development of new products (eg., ceramics,
extender-filler applications, etc.) and possible changes in environmental
compliance (eg., substitution by pyrophyllite away from tremolitic talc).
Pyrophyllite
is a medium priced industrial mineral commodity ranging from $US 40 to $US
80/tonne FOB. The following are current
price references:
- R.T. Vanderbuilt: $40 - $50/tonne
and $50 - $70/tonne bagged in 50lb. bags in
2,000 lb. pallets for minus 200 -
325 mesh product.
- USBM: $17/ton crude and $41/ton
processed (1988).
- Vancouver Agent: Landed in
Vancouver $US 100/tonne with 85 GE brightness
and 99.9% less than 400 mesh.
- Korea Export Prices: Refractory grade $US 58/ton.
Tile grade $US 28/ton.
Pottery grade $US 72/ton.
Brightness,
fineness and packaging have maximum impact on adding value notwithstanding
freight which may account for 2/3 of the delivered cost to a consumer.
In
summary, the medium price level of pyrophyllite (compared to other minerals) is
a disadvantage in developing international markets. However, this same price level may be an advantage when competing
for customers in the Pacific Northwest and California, against Eastern USA
producers.
3.0 PROJECT SETTING AND
MINERAL TITLE
The
Monteith Bay pyrophyllite property is located on Vancouver island, a large
island off the southwest coast of British Columbia, having a length of 480 km
and width of 140 km. The Kyuquot Sound
area is approximately 150 km northwest of Campbell River and 380 km northwest
of Vancouver. Monteith Bay is a small
sheltered bay located about halfway up the west side of Kashutl inlet, which is
the northernmost inlet of Kyuquot Sound.
The main
nearby centre is the village of Kyuquot located about 16 km south of Monteith
Bay. Kyuquot is a mainly Native
people's community with an area population of about 240 persons, with nearby
non-Native residents totalling about 60.
Fishing and smallscale logging are the main work activities.
Topography
of the area varies from a flat coastal plain along Rugged Point and Brooks
Peninsula to the high peaks immediately east of Kyuquot. Monteith Bay is one of the small bays
resulting from erosion controlled by major geological structures of the area.
Monteith
Bay Resources owns 100% of the Too Easy mineral claim as shown in Table 1
within the Alberni Mining Division, N.T.S. 92L/3W. The remaining claims are owned by New Global Resources Ltd. and
J.T. Shearer. A foreshore lease
application to cover the barge-loading facility area has been filed.
TABLE 2
CLAIM STATUS
|
Claim Name |
Tenure Number |
Number
of Units |
Owner |
Location Date |
Current Expiry Date |
|
Too Easy |
1154 (200115) |
1 |
Monteith Bay Resources Ltd.100% |
Aug.23/80 |
Sep.4/2003 |
|
Easy Three |
314878 |
1 |
New Global Resources |
Nov. 28/92 |
Nov. 28/2003 |
|
Easy Four |
315369 |
1 |
J.T. Shearer* |
Jan. 23/93 |
Jan. 23/2004 |
|
Easy Five |
315370 |
1 |
J.T. Shearer |
Jan. 23/93 |
Jan. 23/2004 |
|
Easy Six |
323204 |
1 |
J.T. Shearer |
Dec. 27/93 |
Dec.
27/1999+ |
|
Easy Seven |
326041 |
1 |
J.T. Shearer |
June 2/94 |
June 2/2000+ |
|
Easy Eight |
326042 |
1 |
J.T. Shearer |
June 2/94 |
June 2/2000+ |
Total Units 7
* held in Trust for New Global Resources Ltd.
+ with application of Assessment documented
in this report.
The
project will extend from a barge dock at tide water on the east side of
Monteith Bay along a 50-meter conveyor-crushing system to geyserite stockpiles
and small quarry, a total distance of about 300 meters, with connecting roads
to the Deertrail and Monteith pyrophyllite quarries.
The
immediate Monteith Bay area has no previous residential developments nor are
any planned. There are no surface
facilities on the site at present. The
general area is a very sparsely settled fjordland-mountainous region. Much of the upland area has been clear-cut
logged in the recent past. Minor
amounts of coastal 'A' frame logging was done in the late 1940s. The Monteith Bay area was logged from the
shoreline between 1945 and 1948. The
northwestern part of Monteith Bay was logged by a local hand logger about eight
years ago.
Access
to the property is by boat, barge and float-equipped aircraft. The nearest road head is at Fair Harbour or
the mouth of the Artlish River. Fair
Harbour is 32 km by road from Zeballos and a further 45 km to the Island
Highway. The Artlish road is about 50
km shorter than the Zeballos route. A
large self-propelled ferry is available at Fair Harbour under contract with
Intercan Resources Ltd, an aqua-culture operation in the southern Kyuquot
Sound. Major logging camps are located
in nearby Chamiss Bay (INTERIOR) and Ououkinsh Inlet (Coulson Logging).
4.0 HISTORY AND FIELD
PROCEDURES
The
claims covering the pyrophyllite were staked in 1908. These pyrophyllite deposits provided material for fire clay, pipe
and other industrial uses for the B.C. Pottery Company and the San Juan mining
and Manufacturing Company from 1910 onward.
The pilings of the pyrophyllite dock can still be seen on the south
shore of Monteith Bay.
Ries and
Keele (1912) tested samples taken from the stockpiles at the Victoria plant,
and found "it burns steel hard at cone 1, and shows good refractiveness;
in fact, there are few more refractory clays thus far known in the western
provinces."
Comprehensive
mapping of the deposits was completed in
1913 by C.H. Clapp of the Geological Survey of Canada, who suggested
that the alunite and pyrophyllite may have been formed by hydrothermal
replacement of volcanic rocks by ascending sulphuric solutions.
The
deposit was examined late in World War II as a possible source of paper filler,
and testing determined it to be a 'highly satisfactory ingredient of whiteware
batches for both slip-cast and dry process tiles, electric insulators and
tableware' (Minister of Mines, B.C., Annual Report 1947, page 223).
In 1952,
the Crown-granted claims on the north end of the peninsula were purchased by
St. Eugene Mining Corporation, who subsequently optioned the property to
Westport Chemical Inc. during 1959-60.
Drill testing was completed on the alunite-pyrophyllite zone, but these
results are presently not available.
Two
packsack holes were drilled to a depth of 25 feet in the alunite area by
Falconbridge Nickel Mines, who acquired the property from St. Eugene in
1962. No sample data are available, but
drill logs note the presence of quartz, which was colloform-banded and
crustified, containing disseminated pyrite in altered volcanics.
The
Kyuquot syndicate was formed in 1970 as a joint venture between Falconbridge
and MacDonald Consultants Inc. to explore the area for Porphyry copper
deposits. Mapping and soil-sampling
were completed near Easy inlet.
Kennco
Exploration staked claims over the Kayouk Peninsula-Jansen lake area in 1972
and completed geological mapping and a rock geochemical survey. Analyses were completed for Mo, Cu, Zn, Pb,
Ag, Au, Ni and Co with anomalous results being attributed to sulfides in quartz
veins. C.S. Ney, in describing a siliceous
bluff on the northwest side of Monteith Bay, suggested a similarity with
'geyserite' or siliceous sinter typical of hot springs activity.
The B.C.
Gold Syndicate, supervised by J.T. Shearer explored the Easy claims in 1980 by
prospecting, soil-sampling and geological mapping to better evaluate the
intense alteration zones as defined by the areas of
pyrophyllization-alunite. No
geochemically anomalous response was reported from the rock or
soil-sampling. The Too Easy claim was
located at this time.
Semco
completed an examination of the Sockeye property for a large US based industrial
mineral company in 1980 as part of a program on three pyrophyllite occurrences
in the area. Some drilling apparently
took place on the Sockeye showings but the results of this work is not
presently available.
A
preliminary report for Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd. was completed by Mr. G.
Albino in June 1982 covering historical, exploratory and geological data from
past examinations and including geological mapping and geochemical sampling as
completed by Mr. Albino and Mr. C. Niles.
Falconbridge optioned the Too Easy Claim at this time from the BC Gold
Syndicate.
In 1983,
1,066 meters of diamond drilling in seven holes was completed by Falconbridge,
in joint venture with Cal Denver Resources Ltd., on the northern tip of the
peninsula. Detailed mineralogical and
petrographic studies on the drill core delineated two recognizable alteration
zones: (1) a quartz, alunite, pyrophyllite, kaolinite zone to a depth of
approximately 140 meters below sea level (low pH zone) and (2) a gypsum with
lesser anhydride zone below. An
airborne geophysical survey of 128 line kilometres (3-frequency
electromagnetics, magnetomenter and VLF-EM) was carried out by Aerodat Ltd. in
May 1985. The general magnetic tred
appears to be east-northeasterly with several north-south orientations
suggesting later structural overprinting.
Monteith
Bay Resources Ltd. initiated the purchase of the Too Easy claim in 1992 and
completed detail geological mapping and sampling in November 1992 to January
1993. Accurate topographic surveying,
hydrographic survey of Monteith Bay, biological study of the area and detail
diamond-drilling were done between January and March 1993. A 9,000-tonne bulk sample and further
diamond-drilling were done between March and July 1993. The Tilbury cement plant processed the
geyserite during August and September 1993.
A large volume of information is now available on the characteristics of
the geyserite with respect to an industrial size trial on grindability, power
consumption of the roller mills, abrasion, feed handling, burnability,
consistent chemistry and ultimately the strength of cement and customer
satisfaction.
Geological
mapping was on a remeasured baseline and grid lines established in 1984. The 1,050-meter baseline trends 320 from the south boundary of the Too Easy
Claim to the tim of the peninsula about 500 meters north of the northern claim
line. The cross-lines trend at 230• at 75-m intervals with stations at 25
meters. Accurate topographic contours
were measured with a transit and EDM unit and compiled at a scale of 1:500 by
Wright Parry Taylor & Fuller, B.C. Land Surveyors and Consulting Engineers.
The
current program as documented in this report consisted of sample collection,
geological mapping and prospecting on the known pyrophyllite deposits in
conjunction with a search of literature regarding the uses of pyrophyllite.
The
samples were sent for multi-element analysis at the internal laboratory at the
Tilbury Cement Plant in Delta which is an X-ray unit which is mainly used for
internal quality control, clinker consistency and special batch orders.
5.0 GEOLOGY
5.1 Introduction
The
pyrophyllite deposits consist mainly of replacement silica and pyrophyllite
with a chemical composition of approximately 50% to 80% Pyrophyllite and 20% to
50% extra SiO2 they are in part paleo-hotsprings deposit of
massive thickness, originally of gently dipping bedding, now somewhat faulted,
bent and dipping to the south about forty to fifty degrees. Surface samples were taken systematically
over the area. The correlation and
analysis was done by the Tilbury Cement laboratory and Chemex Labs Ltd.
Triassic
to early Jurassic volcanic-sedimentary sequences underlie the northwest of
Vancouver island. The Triassic
Karmutsen Formation consists of a very thick basaltic succession of pillow
lavas and breccias, amygdaloidal and massive flows with infrequent interbedded
tuffaceous sediments forming the lower part of the sequence.
Conformably
overlaying the Karmutsen formation are the Quatsino and Parson Bay Formations
which are mainly calcareous and shaly sedimentary sequences. These sediments are in turn overlain by the
Bonanza Group of early Jurassic age, consisting of flows and pyroclastics
ranging in composition from rhyolite to basalt.The pyrophyllite deposits are
hosted by Bonanza Group volcanics.
Muller
et al (1974) have measured the stratigraphic sections of the Bonanza volcanics,
indicating an average thickness of 2,500 m.
Rhyodacite and siliceous units in the Kyuquot Sound area appear often as
welded tuffs.
The
Bonanza volcanics in the Monteith Bay area consist of porphyritic andesite with
hornblende and plagioclase phenocrysts in an often siliceous, aphanitic
groundmass. Frequently amygdaloidal
flows occur and flow breccias are observed commonly in more mafic units. Felsic rocks located on the west shore of
Kayouk Peninsula are generally limited in occurrence, appear to be banded,
containing quartz phenocrysts and possibly fragments of pumice.
The
Kashutl Inlet intrusive suite is one of a small linear set of plutons which
have been emplaced near surface, within related volcanics and
pyroclastics. Epithermal precious metal
mineralization is found to the north of Easy Inlet within these intrusions.
Late
intrusive rocks occur as fine-grained porphyritic andesite to dykes and sills
with a dark grey-green groundmass.
These dikes are discordant to the bedding.
Alteration
Rocks in
the general Easy Inlet area are altered to various degrees, with pyrophyllite,
silicic and advanced argillic zones present.
The lack of structural control, of associated large intrusions and
overall distribution of the alteration assemblages suggest that the
silicification took place contemporaneously with volcanism before significant
structural dislocation. The sericite-rich
alteration in Monteith Bay appears to correlate directly with the emplacement
and shearing of the later andesite dykes.
The presence of chalcedonic silica, alunite and pyrophyllite indicate a
probable near surface origin for part of the main phase of alteration.
A
typical analysis of pyrophyllite from Monteith Bay is shown below.
|
A1203
% |
CaO
% |
CR203
% |
Fe203
% |
K20
% |
MgO
% |
MnO
% |
|
18.42 |
0.43 |
0.02 |
2.08 |
0.79 |
0.13 |
|
|
Na20
% |
P205
% |
Si102
% |
Ti02
% |
Loss
on Ignition |
S
% Total |
S
% Total |
FeO
% |
|
0.57 |
0.28 |
70.54 |
1.23 |
5.85 |
100.35 |
0.061 |
1.02 |
5.2 GEOLOGY AND
PROSPECTING RESULTS
Between
March and July 24, 1993 approximately 9,000 tonnes of geyserite were produced
from an excavation prior to the present program and shipped by barge to the
Tilbury cement plant in Delta, B.C.
Considerable geological information was obtained from the new
exposures. The cement plant processed the geyserite during August and
September 1993. The geyserite was
crushed on-site to 1 inch minus and the resulting product proved to be very
uniform in its chemical
composition. Detailed data are now
available on the characteristics of the geyserite with respect to an
industrial-size trial in respect to grindability, power consumption of the
roller mills, abrasion, feed handling, burnability, ultimate strength of the
resulting cement and customer satisfaction on the end-use construction site.
In early
1994 the adjacent pyrophyllite zones were examined and sampled in detail to
define the consistency and grade of the aluminum content. There are three main pyrophyllite zones as
follows:
1) Monteith
Bay - old quarry area
2) Deertrail
- on northeast side of Easy Inlet
3) Sockeye
- on southwest side of Easy Inlet (North and South deposits)
The
pyrophyllite zones are compact, dense and range from cream, white, pink or
light gray to dark bluish grey when pyrite is present. Minor limonite imparts a yellow to reddish
brown stain on the weathered surface.
In thin section, the pyrophyllite flakes are about 0.01 millimetre in
diameter; the material is readily crushed to a fine smooth powder.
On the
Montieth showing the ore is pinkish white and contains about 62 per cent
pyrophyllite and 30 per cent quartz. On
the Deertrail showing, the zone is white to grey and contains 71 per cent
pyrophyllite and 20 per cent quartz.
Chemical analyses of these two showings are as follows (in per cent) per
Spence 1940:
1 2
Silica 81.94 71.88
Aluminum 15.29 23.56
Ferric Oxide 0.11 0.14
Soda 0.40 0.36
Potash 0.50 0.43
H2O >105•C
2.40 3.24
(Spence,
1940)
The
detailed sampling conducted during the present program within the old Monteith
quarry is shown on Figure 8. Results
for all samples are contained in Appendix 4.
The relative locations of Figures 8, 9 and 10 are illustrated on Figures
6 and 7 along with selected results.
The old quarry floor is now overgrown with moss but mapping clearly
demonstrates the flat floor with side walls up to 15 metres high. A large outcrop of pyrophyllite occurs 60
metres to the northeast closer to tidewater and appears to be a continuation of
the main quarry zone. Typically the
higher content of pyrophyllite (greater than 13% Al2O3) has
fragmental appearance with dark brown fragments in a light greenish
matrix. Analytical results suggest that
more quartz-rich layers having a white to light grey ground mass occur
intercalated with pyrophyllite-rich zones.
The highest Al2O3 content is sample #40 at 18.8% Al2O3 and 79%
SiO2. Diamond drilling
along the south wall of the quarry and to the east and west is recommended to
establish the size of the zone.
For
completeness of reporting, the sample locations in the Deertrail Area are shown
on Figure 9. The sample dump at the
high tide elevation is from the small sloughed trench in which a small zone of
pyrophyllite is exposed. Southwest of
this trench about 35 metres is the main outcrop of the Deertrail Deposit
extending about 50 metres in an east-west direction composed of cliffs up to 15
m high. Samples 06 through 16 average
15.7% Al2O3 with very low total alkalis and low sulfur. The Deertrail Deposit appears to contain
more pyrophyllite than the Monteith Deposit or at least has less intercalated
high silica layers. The Monteith
samples #31-42 average 11.6% Al2O3 but with slightly higher total alkalis. This suggests that perhaps some of the
silica-rich layers at the Monteith quarry contain low levels of alunite. The alteration zone along the beach north of
the Deertrail Deposit (samples #27-30 and #43-58, Figure 9) contain much higher
total alkali and very high sulfur indicating abundant alunite.
On Easy
Six claim a large white weathering alteration zone (samples #52 and 53) have
very high SiO2 content with Al2O3 below
6% and negligible alkali and sulfur.
This zone outcrops along the beach for over 60 metres and could be
similar in size to the Monteith Bay geyserite (SiO2)
deposit presently under development.
Also for
completeness of data presentation, the Sockeye Deposits were sampled as shown
on Figure 7 and Figure 10. The Sockeye
area based on present work can be subdivided into Sockeye North (Figure 10),
sample #17-26 and Sockeye South, samples #54-57. Old maps indicate continuity between the two zones, however
present exposures and the cursory nature of recent work precludes making this
correlation at this time. An accurate
orthophoto and basemap at a scale of 1:500 or more detailed would be necessary
for accurate geological mapping. The
Sockeye South Deposit is exposed in a vertical cliff at least 30 m. in height
within a complex alteration system. No
previous work appears to have been done on the Sockeye South Deposit. Samples on the Sockeye South average 15.5%
Al2O3. In
contrast the Sockeye North Deposit, Figure 10, has been trenched and excavated
along a zone of over 100 metres in length.
This zones is cut by one main fault with dissimilar material occur above
and below the shearing. This area is
150 metres from the main logging road west of Jansen Lake.
The
average Al2O3 content of the samples taken in the Sockeye North Deposit
#17-26 is 14.3% with elevated alkali suggesting the presence of alunite
although SO3 is relatively low. Detailed mineralogical studies are required to fully document the
minerals present.
The
proposed project would be similar in scope to the adjacent Geyserite project
and will include quarries with a mobile crushing plant with a capacity of 200
tonnes per hour, a stockpile area for crushed material, a loading conveyor and
a barge docking facility.
6.1 Quarry Development
The
deposits in the development area includes three quarry areas to be
developed. Each quarry will likely be
worked in a series of 11-meter-wide benches with backwalls of about 8 meters
and will be developed as required to accommodate elevation increasing to about
40 meters.
If
additional customers are found for the pyrophyllite product, production could
be up to 100,000 tons per year.
The
removal of the minimal overburden, consisting of soil, sand, gravel and
boulders, mainly in the southwest of the developing quarry, will be stored in a
berm along the quarry edge. This may be
utilized as filter beds for precipitation runoff and later in the reclamation
of mined-out quarry areas.
6.2 Crushing Plant
The
material will undergo primary crushing through a Hewitt-Robbins 24 X 36 jaw
crusher being fed by a Cat 980C wheel loader.
This will reduce the material to approximately 150 mm size. From the primary crusher the material is
conveyed directly to a Nordberg 1352 Omnicone crusher for secondary crushing. The secondary crushing will reduce the
material to 19 mm minus. From the
secondary crusher the material is transported to the stockpile by a 30-meter
radial stacking conveyor.
The
crushing plant and surge pile will be located at the 3-meter level.
6.3 Conveyor System
The
loading of the 19-mm material will be accomplished by feeding through a
12-cubic-meter surge bin, then onto a 15 meter conveyor which feeds the 30
meter stacker which deposits the material onto the barge.
6.3 Stockpile
A
stockpile capable of holding up to 70,000 tonnes of crushed material ready for
shipping will be required. The pile
will cover approximately 4,000 to 6,000 square meters and reach a height of 8
to 10 meters. The stockpile will be
located adjacent to the dock facility.
Because of the proximity of the quarry to the forshore, and area to the
south of the excavation will
accommodate the stockpile.
6.5 Barge Facilities
An
examination of soundings taken at Monteith Bay by Alpha Hydrographic Surveys
Ltd. and on-site review of barge docking with tug operators indicates that
barges can be successfully maneuvered in and out of the bay under all but the
most severe weather conditions. When
particularly poor weather exists, barges may need to lay off shore until
conditions improve.
An
examination of the material underlying the bay was carried out and a dock
structure was proposed by P. Steffens, P.Eng., Westview Dredging Ltd.
Barges
are anticipated to have 5,000 to 10,000-tonne capacity. Barges of this capacity are typically up to
105 meters long and 22.5 meters wide.
The loading conveyor would fill at the middle of the barge. The loading conveyor will be either a
shuttle or 60-degree oscillating type, supported with a steel tower.
The
barge may be moved into different positions during filling by winch or by
tug. Barge filling may be assisted by a
loader placed on the barge.
6.6 Reclamation
The
quarry will be progressively reclaimed, as the mining area advances and
sufficient ground is made available for reseeding to forest values.
7.0 ENVIRONMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS
7.1 Existing
Conditions
The
project, because of it proximity to Monteith Bay, affects upland, foreshore and
marine environments.
The area
is within the Nootka Public Sustained Yield Unit and has been extensively
logged in the recent past. The largest
nearby logging camp is located at Chamiss Bay.
Other land uses include hunting, native food, sports and commercial
fishing. There is an active salmon farm
on the north side of Union Island (Intercan Resources Ltd.).
The
on-site upland vegetation is mixed Cedar and Hemlock forest which is somewhat
scrubby due to the presence of rock outcrops.
No evidence of wildlife licks or trails has been observed, although
bears and deer have been seen on the property during exploration work. Small drainages convey runoff the short
distance to the saltwater. Most of
these dry periodically. Some of the
salmon fry are found using minnow traps in the mouth of the larger
drainages. However, none were found
above the intertidal zone. No large
drainages are to be impacted directly by mining operations.
The
foreshore is divided between beach and rock and appears to be an area of low
productivity. The beaches are
hard-packed mixed sand and gravel, inhabited by a few clams. A small area of saltmarsh exists in the bay
adjacent to the barge-loading site.
The
marine lands exhibit the same low productivity in evidence on the foreshore
areas. The area does not directly
support any commercially harvestable levels of fish or invertebrates. Some geoducks and eel grass were observed.
7.2 Environmental
Impacts and Planned Mitigation
The rock
to be quarried is relatively pure and chemically inert. Each quarry will leave either level ground,
or be excavated below sea level. The
total area to be affected by the quarry, stockpile and loading facilities will
be less than 4 hectares by the end of the 20-year mine life.
The
overburden consists of a thin layer of topsoil which can be set aside and used
as filter for quarry runoff until reclamation.
The pyrophyllite, with the exception of a few minor fault areas is
fairly pure and the quarried material will be shipped out. The material in the fault areas is softer
and somewhat mineralized and may not be useable. Thus, some waste material could be expected. This waste can be used to form a base for
the stockpile or returned to the pit.
The
entire stockpile area will be located above the high tide line and drainage
from the quarry and from the stockpile will be contained and filtered. Filtration through overburden material or
settling in a reservoir used for dust control is possible. The Workers' Compensation Board requires
that workers who may be exposed to more that 50% crystalline silica dust above
the regulated limits must wear suitable respiratory protection.
Subject
to air-borne dust sampling, in most instances properly fit-tested one-half face
respirators with High Efficiency Particulate Arrestor (HEPA) cartridges and
disposable coveralls will be acceptable.
Workers will be trained in the proper use of the respirators as well as
the nature of the hazard to comply with Federal WHMIS regulations. New Global Resources Ltd. is committed to
putting in place suitable controls to minimize the effects of dust generation.
The material,
both the relatively pure pyrophyllite and the mineralized pyrophyllite will be
tested for its acid-generating capacity which is expected to be very low.
Quarrying,
crushing, stockpiling, and loading of the crushed rock are all physical
activities. Water spray will be used to
control dust if necessary, in which case some or all of the quarry drainage
will be contained to provide a water source.
All further processing will be off-site
Reasonable
efforts to minimize the visual impact of the project, particularly from the
water, will be made. A screen of
vegetation will be preserved wherever possible. Because the material is formed in a knoll, quarrying can be
conducted either from the top down or back to front and this will be done
subject to practical and economic constraints.
The knoll formation also means that rock faces remaining at the end of
the project will be low profile and easily screened by vegetation. A conveyor will be required for loading and
some clearing and levelling of the immediate loading area will be required.
The
loading facility is to be located just outside a small knoll, attached by a
small isthmus to the mainland. The
loading facility will consist of a floating pipe attached by stifflegs to the
knoll and possibly some additional anchors.
The bottom drops sharply to between 10 and 22 meters in the
barge-loading area. This area is
located to the north of the habitat containing geoducks and the habitat
containing eel grass. Because the
facility is floating and since the barges will not remain on-site for a
prolonged period, impacts on the marine habitat are expected to be minimal.
As a
result of the small scale of the project and the relatively benign nature of
the environmental impacts, the anticipated environmental concerns for this
project are relatively minor.
7.3 Additional
Environmental Assessment Planned
1) Collect water samples from all
drainages in the fall to complete baseline
water quality information.
2) Continue to watch for wildlife signs
as the developmental work continues.
3) Conduct additional trapping in any
of the drainages which maintain flows to
determine presence or absence of
fish.
4) Assess the acid generation potential
of the pyrophyllite and the soft mineralized
pyrophyllite either from the quarry
or the stockpile.
These
ongoing tests have been scheduled over the next few years.
7.4 Reclamation
At the
end of the lifespan of this quarry at Monteith (Phases I and II ), it is
expected that an excavation extending below sea level and in close proximity to
the shoreline will remain. Two possible
options for reclamation of the area involve flooding the quarry.
The
first option would be to blast a short channel through the intertidal zone
creating a lagoon. This small lagoon
could be of interest to tourists and perhaps to a marine biology student
wishing to study the colonization of new habitat.
The
second option would be to use the pit as a mariculture facility and manipulate
inflow and outflow using tidal variations and siphons. This would be a very desirable facility
since it would be very secure and since it would be very secure and since water
could be exchanged from various depths at each tide a significant control of
parameters such as salinity, temperature and biotic content of the water could
be attained.
The
natural small cliff-scarp topography of the area would be replicated by the
quarry walls. Backfilling is considered
to be impractical since the pyrophyllite product is to be shipped out in its
entirety. The areas where quarrying is
completed and the quarry floor is not below sea level, then the area will be
progressively reclaimed.
In the
event that the quarry is shut down before it extends below sea level, it would
be graded and sloped with the overburden material remaining on site and
reseeded. The stockpile base will be
graded back down to the former level in order to reestablish saltmarsh habitat.
8.0 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC
CONSIDERATIONS
The
nearest community to the proposed quarry site is Kyuquot, which is approximately
20 kilometres away by water. The area
population of Kyuquot is about 300, of whom about 80% are aboriginal.
Kyuquot
band members live on Vancouver Island as well as on two smaller islands. They participate extensively in commercial
and traditional fishery activities, as well as in local logging activities.
The
majority of the non-aboriginal community live on Walters Island and also rely
heavily on commercial fishing and logging for the livelihood.
Informal
and formal contact has been made with members of the band and with members of
the non-aboriginal community. The
purpose of this contact has been to advise them of the project assessment
procedure and of the likely impacts of the project. A public meeting was held
in November 1993 with both the Band
Council and the larger community.
New
Global Resources Ltd. is committed to working with community members to ensure
that, to the extent possible, this project contributes to the wellbeing of both
the aboriginal and non-aboriginal communities.
Where possible, suitably qualified local workers will be utilized during
the start-up and operation phases of the project.
The
specific concerns of aboriginal peoples are also recognized, and New Global
Resources Ltd. is committed to working with the Kyuquot Band to ensure that
these concerns are addressed.
The
nearest roadhead connecting to the Island Highway is at Fair Harbour,
approximately 12 kilometres from Monteith Bay.
Zeballos is approximately one hour by logging road from Fair Harbour (32
km) and the highway is a further 45 km.
Purchase of support goods and services can be expected at local logging
camps, and in the communities of Kyuquot, Zeballos and Campbell River.
Significant
foreign expenditures will be replaced with spending in British Columbia on jobs
and purchases of goods and services, such as marine towing. In the event that sufficient additional
reserves of pyrophyllite are proved, some production may be sold to other
customers.
One of
the major markets for BC clinker is in the U.S. This cost saving will further enhance their competitiveness and
help to ensure that they can retain market share.
This
project therefore has significant economic benefits though increased spending
and tax revenue generation in British Columbia as well as though improved
balance of payments.
9.0 CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
The
extensive pyrophyllite deposits in Kyuquot Sound were originally found in
1908. Small scale production occurred
at the Monteith Bay Quarry between 1910 and 1914 for use in pipe and brick
manufacture.
Four
separate pyrophyllite deposits are currently know as follows:
Average Total %
Al2O3 SiO2 Alkali SO3 Fe2O3
Monteith
Bay Quarry 11.6% 83.7 0.91 0.29 0.4
Deertrail
Deposit 15.7% 18.59 0.4 0.32 0.9
Sockeye
North 14.3% 80.5 2.3 0.42 1.6
Sockeye
South 15.5% 87.3 0.75 0.35 0.2
No
diamond drilling has been done at any of the four deposits however, the extent
of the surface exposures suggest in the order of at least 1.5 million tons
total of pyrophyllite bearing material is near surface. The generally recessive nature of
phyrophyllite also suggests that drilling could outline considerably more
pyrophyllite bearing material.
Much
more work is required to define the industrial mineral specifications of the
deposits as each deposit has its own unique combination of pyrophyllite,
quartz-sericite and alunite. Testing to
date shows the following:
1) Bond
Index of 13.4 on a composite sample of all deposits
2) Abrasion
Index and Crushing Work Index of 0.1643
3) Brightness
of 79.2% Blue filter
84.4% Lightness
Further
detail geological mapping, sampling of fresh material for additional brightness
tests and if warranteed by preliminary results then a 2000 foot diamond drill
program is recommended.
Respectfully
submitted
J.T.
Shearer, M.Sc., P.Geo.
9.1 COST OF FUTURE WORK
Program: A) Shallow percussion drilling to
obtain fresh material for brightness tests.
B) Detailed geological mapping of
each deposit.
C) Preliminary Diamond drilling on
Monteith and Sockeye deposits
- 2000 foot program.
Program
A 10 day Program
Wages and Benefits - 3 man crew $ 6,500
Transportation, including boat
1,800
Board and Meals
1,700
Drill rental 500
Analytical 3,000
Report Preparation 1,500
Subtotal Cost A - $15,000
Program
B 25 day Program
Wages and Benefits - 4 man crew $30,000
Transportation, including boat
3,400
Board and Meals
5,000
Base Map preparation
6,000
Analytical 5,000
Report Preparation 2,000
Subtotal Cost B - $51,400
Program
C 35 day Program with Gopher
Drill, 2000 ft.
Wages and Benefits - 2 man
supervision &
core
splitting $21,000
Transportation, including boat
4,400
Board and Meals
3,800
Drill Contract 2000 @ $23 per foot 46,000
Analytical
12,000
Mob & Demob.
5,000
Report Preparation 3,000
Subtotal Cost C - $95,200
GRAND TOTAL $161,000
Adams, M.A.
and White, I.W., 1990 Fish habitat Enhancement: A Manual for
Freshwater Estuarine, and marine
Habitats. Department of Fisheries and
Oceans
Canada. DF) 4474.330p.
Band,
R.B., 1971. Geochemical Report on the EASY, ON, BP and BW Claim Groups.
B.C. Department of Mines Assessment
Report 3008.
British
Columbia Minister of Mines, Annual Report: Geology, Exploration and Mining in
British Columbia: 1971 p. 316, 1973
pp. 256,552.
Carson,
D.J.T., 1973. The Plutonic Rocks of
Vancouver Island, Geological Survey of
Canada Paper 72-44, 70pp.
Clapp,
C.H., 1915, The Geology of the Alunite and Pyrophyllite Rocks of Kyuquot
Sound, Vancouver Island, Geological
Survey of Canada Summary Report 1913,
pp. 109-126.
Collins,
R.K., and Andrews P.R.A. 1990 Summary Report No.8: Talc and Pyrophyllite CANMET, Mineral Processing
Laboratory Report MSL-90-18(B) 64pp.
Fish
Habitat Management Branch, 1986. Policy
for the Management of Fish Habitat,
Minister of Supply & Services
Canada 1986. Cat. No. Fs 23-98/1986E.
Gower,
S.C. and Ney, C.S., 1973. Rock
Geochemical Survey on Kashu Group #1.
B.C. Department of Mines Assessment
Report 4539.
Guillet,
G.R., J. Kriens and Kriens P.E. 1987 A Market Study for NewFoundland
Pyrophyllite. Dept. of Energy, Mines
and Resources Canada, Open File Report
475. Sept. 28, 1987 103pp.
Heagy,
A.E., 1984. Geological and Geochemical
Report on the Too Easy Claim,
92L/3W, Alberni M.D. Assessment
Report 12,681, June 1984, 17pp.
Hoadley,
J.W., 1953. Geology and Mineral
Deposits of the Zeballos-Nimpkish Area,
Vancouver Island, Geological Survey
of Canada Memoir 272, 82pp.
Key,
W.W. 1965 Mineral Fillers for the California pesticide Industry. US Department of
the Interior, Bureau of Mines,
Information Circular 8260 39pp.
Lewis,
J.E. and Rossi, G. 1993 Pyrophyllite, A Preliminary Market Perspective for the
Development of the Kyuquot Sound
Deposit. Private report for New Global Resources, May 1993, 18pp.
MacLean,
M. 1988 Talc and Pyrophyllite in British Columbia. Ministry of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources. Geological Survey Branch, Open File 1988-9,
108pp.
Palfreyman
M. 1971 Canadian Minerals for
Refractiories. Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, Ottawa Mines
Branch, IC 280, 30pp.
Ministry
of Energy, Mines and Petroleum Resources, 1992. Guidelines for Mineral
Exploration: Environmental
Reclamation and Approval Requirements.
Revised
January 1992, 57 pp.
Muir,
J.E., 1984. Hydrothermal Alteration at
the Kyuquot Gold Property, Vancouver
Island, B.C. Private Falconbridge Report, March 30, 1984,
50 pp. and Analyses.
Muller,
J.E., Northcote, K.E., Carlisle, L., 1974.
Geology and Mineral Deposits of
Alert-cape Scott Map area, Vancouver
Island, Geological Survey of Canada
Paper 74-8, 77 pp.
Norman,
D.K., 1992. Reclamation of Quarries,
Washington Geology Vol.20, No.4,
Dec. 1992, pp. 3-9.
Resource
Management Branch 1992: Health, Safety and Reclamation Code for Mines in
British Columbia. Ministry of Energy, Mines and petroleum
Resources, 1992.
13 parts plus Index, 100 pp.
Robertson,
W.F., 1921. Quartz Alunite Rocks,
Kyuquot Sound, B.C. Department of
Mines Annual Report, pp. N198-N202.
Shearer,
J.T., 1980. Geological and Geochemical
Report on the Easy Group, Alberni
M.D. Available as Assessment Report No. 8279, B.C.Department of Mines,
Nov. 1980, 23 pp.
__________,
1993. Prospectus on the Monteith
Geyserite Deposit, Submitted to the
Mine Development Steering Committee,
Sep. 1993, 34 pp.
__________,
1993. Geological, Diamond Drilling and
Trenching Assessment Report for
Monteith Bay Resources, Ltd. 26 pp.
September 15, 1993.
Virta,
R.L., 1991. Talc and Pyrophyllite, US
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines,
Annual Report, 10pp.
Wilson,
J.R., 1993. Diamond Drilling Report,
KYU Group, B.C. Department of Mines
Assessment
Report 11, 374, 7pp.
STATEMENT OF QUALIFICATIONS
I, JOHAN T. SHEARER, of 1817
Greenmount Avenue, in the City of Port Coquitlam, in the Province of British
Columbia, do hereby certify:
1. I am a graduate of the University of British Columbia
(B.Sc., 1973) in Honours Geology,
and
the University of London, Imperial College (M.Sc., 1977).
2. I have over 20 years experience in exploration for base and
precious metals and industrial
mineral
commodities in the Cordillera of Western North America with such companies as
McIntyre
Mines Ltd., J.C. Stephen Explorations Ltd.,
Carolin Mines Ltd. and TRM
Engineering
Ltd.
3. I am a fellow in good standing of the Geological Association
of Canada (Fellow No. F439) and I am a member in good standing
with the Association of Professional Engineers
and Geoscientists of British
Columbia (Member No. 19,279).
4. I am an independent consulting geologist employed since
December 1986 by New
Global
Resources Ltd. at #5-2330 Tyner St., Port Coquitlam, B.C.
5. I am the author of a report entitled "Geological and
Prospecting Assessment Report on
the
Monteith Bay Pyrophyllite Project, Kyuquot Sound Area, Vancouver Island, B.C.
Alberni
M.D., dated December 15, 1994.
6 I have visited the property on Jan. 4-7 and June 3-5
1994. I have examined the surface
exposures
of the Pyrophyllite and collected systematic surface samples. I am familiar
with
the regional geology and geology of nearby properties. I have become familiar with
previous
work conducted in the Monteith Bay area by examining in detail the available
reports,
plans and sections and have discussed previous work with persons
knowledgeable
of the area.
7. I own a direct interest in the property described herein and
in the securities of New
Global
Resources.
8. I consent to authorize the use of the attached report and my
name in the company's
Statement
of Material Facts or other public document.
Dated at Vancouver, British
Columbia, this 15th day of December, 1994
_______________________________________________
J.T. Shearer, M.Sc., F.G.A.C., P.Geo.
Appendix
II
COST
STATEMENT
MONTEITH
BAY PYROPHYLLITE PROJECT
Wages and Benefits
J.T.
Shearer, M.Sc., P.Geo.
Geologist 6
days @ $300/day $1800.00
January 4,5,6,7., June 3,4,5
(Jan.7 will be a travel day)
W.L.Lennan,
P.Geo.
Geologist 6
days @ $300/day 1800.00
J.W.Harding
Helper 6 days @ $100/day 600.00
Subtotal $4200.00
GST
on wages 294.00
Wages
Subtotal $4494.00
Transportation
4x4
Truck Rental 6 days @ $53.50 $
321.00
850
Km 85.00
Gas 213.50
Camp
Cost 18 man days @ $53.50 per man day 963.00
Boat
Rental 600.00
Analytical
Costs 22
samples @ $7.25 159.50
(at Tilbury Cement Labs)
Report
Preparation 1500.00
Word Processing
and Reproduction 420.00
Subtotal $4262.00
Grand
Total $8756.00
Appendix III
List of Personnel
Monteith Bay Pyrophyllite
Project
Name Position Address Dates
Worked
J.T. Shearer, M.Sc., P.Geo Geologist 1817
Greenmount Ave Jan.4,5,6,7
Port
Coquitlam, BC June 3,4,5, 1994
(plus travel days)
W.L. Lennan, P.Geo. Geologist 876 Lynwood Ave Jan.4,5,6,7
Port
Coquitlam, BC June 3,4,5, 1994
(plus travel days)
J.W. Harding Helper 548 Beatty St. Jan.4,5,6,7
Vancouver,
BC June 3,4,5, 1994
(plus travel days)
Appendix IV
Monteith Bay Pyrophyllite Zone
Old
Quarry
Sample Pyrophyllite 31 to 42
inclusive.
Sample
#31 - good soft
brownish pyrophyllite 44m southwards up drainage from boat dock (old pilings at water
edge). Fragmented with angular fragments to 10 cm diameter.
Roughly banded dark
brown fragments in a light brown matrix Talus float sample
that moved down from the
top of cut.
Sample
#32 - Outcrop on
west side of old pit in drainage. 52m
up from boat. High grade
pyrophyllite. Fragmented with dark brown fragments in a
light greenish matrix.
Sample
#33 - outcrop 2.5
NNE of #32. Dark brown fragments in
whit to light gray matrix.
Sample
#34 - outcrop 6 m
NNE of #32. same as #33
Sample
#35 - outcrop Nw
corner of old cut. more siliceous
pyrophyllite and harder.
Sample
#36 - Top of cut at
S.W. corner. Refer to duplicate sample.
From
sample #32 go along Az 101o for 21 m. across pit to ease
side of bluff to sample site #37
Sample
#37 - Highly altered
pyrophyllite, fractured and faulted.
From
sample #37 go up east side of cut 27m along at 225o to
sample site #38.
Sample
#38 - Refer to
duplicate sample.
From
sample site #38 go 9m along Az 271o to
sample site #36. This crosses the head
end of the cut (at the south). From
sample site #36 return along west well of cut back to north to sample site
#32. From sample site #36 go 13m along
Az 039o to sample site #39.
Sample
#39 - light brown
matrix with darker brown fragments.
More silicified, harder and a
few quartz veins.
From
sample site #39 go 8.5m along Az 001o to
sample site #40.
Sample
#40 - Refer to
duplicate sample
From
sample site #40 continue along Az 001o for
2.2m to sample site #41.
Sample
#41 - Refer to
duplicate sample
Appendix IV cont.
Close
traverse back to sample site #32. From
sample site #41 to 2.6m along Az 304o . From sample site #32 go 16.7m along Az 67.5o to
sample site #42.
Sample
#42 - Refer to
duplicate sample
From
sample site #42 go 10m along Az 151o to
sample site #37 to close this traverse.
Take
sample #23 above silicified zone (196o and 3m
from 45m station).
Sample
#23 - Silicified
material with some pyrophyllite.
At 45m
stn where flag A-80-190o ET occurs change to Az. 121o go from
45 to 56m stn. Take sample #24.
Sample
#24 - Brown
weathering pyrophyllite. Light grey bleached. Silicified. Increased silicification on lower
part of outcrop exposure.
At 66m -
hit unaltered volcanics.
Starting
from shore again - go 15.8m along Az 222o . Take sample #25.
Sample
#25 - Silica
zone. Very highly silicified.
Pyritic. Approx 12m above high tide
mark.
At
sample site #25 change traverse direction to 270o . Go to 25.5m take sample #26.
Sample
#26 - Recessive
outcrop of pyrophyllite. Soft and brown
coloured.
From
sample site #26 go along Az 290o to 38m
mark. Outcrop of unaltered volcanics.
Sockeye Pyrophyllite
From
shore go 12m along Az 127o to bluff. Take sample 17 at base of bluff,
approximately 6m NE of station.
Sample
#17 - Pyrophyllite
- rusty, well fractured, silicified.
At 22.4m
take sample #18.
Sample
#18 - White quartz
rich massive zone. Fault zone 132/36 NW
underlying zones.
Slickensided and quartz
veining. Silica-Alunite Zone.
At 25.6m
take sample #19
Sample
#19 - Dark grey
soft pyrophyllite adjacent to Silica-Alunite Zone. Feels like fault gouge
but it isn't.
Appendix IV cont.
At 32.2m
take sample #20.
Sample
#20 - Light grey
bleached(?) pyrophyllite.
At 33.6m
take sample #21.
Sample
#21 - Same as
sample #20.
At
sample site #21 change direction - go along Az 083o to
43m. Take sample #22.
Sample
#22 - Silicified
pyrophyllite below fault zone.
At 45m
Flag of Line A-80-1900 ET - 25m of silica zone.
Deer Trail Pyrophyllite
From
dump pile on shore go inland 18.6m to Deer Trail Trench.
Sample
#01 - in trench,
pyrophyllite is light brown to white, very intensely fractured. Main
fracturing 145o /45SW.
Traverse
NE to old drill site #4. From trench go
10m along Az 057o and locate pyrophyllite float
on old cut trail. At 32m change traverse
direction to azimuth 48o. At 42m take sample #02.
Sample
#02 - Grey, harder,
more siliceous pyrophyllite. Outcrop is
in a recessive drainage.
Approx 30m from
shoreline.
At 48m
change direction of traverse to Az 069o and
continue to 85m. At 84.5m silicified
float and some pyrophyllite. At 85m
change direction of traverse to azimuth 096o. At 109m take sample #03.
Sample
#03 - o/c siliceous
fragmented, light grey and some orange rusting. Rough layering
attitude 138o/zone.
Go to
117m. At 117m locate old D.D.H. #4
(vertical) em. south of drill site take sample #04.
Sample
#04 - Thinly
laminated phyrophyllite, white to slightly rusty. Attitude 138o/75 NE.
At drill
site take sample #05.
Sample
#05 - sample of
drill cuttings.
Return
to trench and continue southwesterly.
Go 25m along azimuth 232o then
change direction to azimuth 164o to
46m. At 46m. take sample #06.
Appendix IV cont.
Sample
#06 - Refer to
duplicate sample.
At 46m
change azimuth to 241o and continue to 49.2m. At 49.2m take sample #07.
Sample
#07 - Refer to
duplicate sample.
At 49.2m
change azimuth to 279o and continue to 54.2m and take
sample #08.
Sample
#08 - Refer to
duplicate sample.
At 54.2m
change azimuth to 264o and continue to 69m and take
sample #09.
Sample #09 - Refer to duplicate
sample.
At 69m
continue along Az 294o to 71.7m and take sample #10.
Sample
#10 - Refer to
duplicate sample.
At 71.7m
change azimuth to 272o and continue to 77.6m and take sample #11.
Sample
#11 - 40 ft high
wall. Very fractured, rusty weathering,
light cream to brown pyrophyllite
rock.
At 77.6m
change azimuth to 280o and continue to 80.6 and take
sample #12.
Sample
#12 - whitish
weathering, less fractured.
Continue
along azimuth 280o to 83.6m and take sample #13.
Sample #13 - very fractured again,
appears like sample #01.
Continue
to 87m and take sample #14.
Sample
#14 - near end of
massive outcrop, white weathering, brownish near bottom.
Continue
to 93m ant take sample #15
Sample
#15 - 30 ft backs
high cliff, very fractured, white weathering.
Continue
to 98m and take sample #16.
Sample
#16 - at south edge
of 11.7 into #16 from #14.
Samples
#6-16 were all taken along the base of a 10-15m high bluff.
Appendix IV cont.
Dec.15 Beach Traverse
From
shore dump site traverse along azimuth 020o. Go 13.9m take sample #27
Sample
#27 - light to
medium grey laminated to flaggy.
Harder, silicified (?) pyrophyllite.
170o/12o
NE. Flat lying.
At 22m
take sample #28
Sample
#28 - Hard, rusty
pyritic silicified rock. Possible
bleached dyke but no distinct contacts
observed.
At 31m
take sample #29
Sample
#29 - Light Grey,
rusty rock. Silicified for the most
part but with some soft sections
Attitude144o/75oNE.
At 40.5m
take sample #30 - 2 old plugged (pionjaw) type drill holes. Wooden pegs placed in holes.
Sample
#30 - White to
light grey. Very rusty and
silic3ous. Appears to be a fairly high sulfide content.
At 65m
take sample #43. From 40.5m to 65m
cemented beach grovels. Looks like
angular breccia but it is not.
Sample
#43 - Very
laminated and fissile, possible fault or shear zone. White to dark grey.
Sulfide rich pods. Attitude approx. 150o/45oNE but
irregular.
At 78.5m
take sample #44. On a point of
land. Traverse direction changes to 056o.
Sample
#44 - creamy white
to light grey alternating from siliceous hard bands to soft.
Intensely fractured.
At 90m
Take sample #45
Sample
#45 - Rusty
surfaces - remnant sulfides, brownish white and fairly hard unit. Blocky
in places with fissile
shear (?) zones.
At
102.5m take sample #46
Sample
#46 - Creamy white
to light brown bleached and silicified rock but still scratchable.
Minor quartz
veining. Prominent fracturing. Attitude 204o/80oNW
Appendix IV cont.
At 119m
take sample #47
Sample
#47 - Creamy white
to rusty siliceous and bleached rock.
Some remnant sulfides
At 37.5m
take sample #48
Sample
#48 - White
coloured hard silicified rock.
Laminated appearance. Attitude
uncertain
but appears to be 053o/30oSW.
At 150m
turn off beach at 109o and go upslope for 20m to old
drill hole. Steel casing still in
hole. Appears to be vertical. Take sample #49 of drill sludge.
Sample
#49 - Sample of
drill cuttings from old hole.
At 164m
take sample #50
Sample
#50 - White very
siliceous and hard rock. Aphonitic and bleached.
At this
site shoreline changes direction to azimuth 090o.
Sample
#51 - White
weathering, light grey. Intensely
silicified vole.Very fine grained, finty
fracture. Boulders of red-green cobble agglomerate
lying around.
Sample
#52 - at Northend
of 40m long geyserite outcrop.
Sample
#53 -Very shattered
like Monteith - white weathering 100m along shore to the north
geyserite boulders all
the way.